Modular wave-break and bulkhead system

ABSTRACT

A modular wave-break includes a wall, a base attached to the wall, and an anchor attached to the base. The wall includes a set of dissipating holes integrally formed in the wall and a set of passage holes integrally formed in the wall. Reinforcing structural rods may be embedded in the wall, the base, and the anchor to provide strength. Mounting holes in the base enable the modular wave-break to be secured to a water bottom surface. Multiple modular wave-breaks may be interconnected to form a single wave-break. In an alternate embodiment, a water control structure provides for management of the water table of a wetland area. The water control structure includes a panel comprising a wall, a base attached to the wall, an anchor attached to the base, and a flow hole through the wall. Multiple panels are connected in series to create a water tight water control structure.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Divisional of application Ser. No. 15/198,923,filed Jun. 30, 2016, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,903,080 on Feb. 27, 2018,which is a Continuation-in-Part of application Ser. No. 14/011,975,filed Aug. 28, 2013, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,382,681 on Jul. 5, 2016,which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/834,116,filed Jun. 12, 2013. Each patent application identified above isincorporated here by reference in its entirety to provide continuity ofdisclosure.

FIELD OF INVENTION

This disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for dispersing theenergy of a fluid wave, in particular, a low-energy wave near ashoreline and for controlling the water budget of a wetland area.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Water going waves propagating towards and breaking near a shoreline havethe potential to damage the shoreline if the energy from the waves isnot dissipated. Typically, as a group of waves approach the shoreline,near a body of water such as a sea, a lake, a channel or shipping lane,the group of waves comes into contact with the water bottom. The groupof waves will slow down and the wavelength of each wave will decrease.The energy of the wave is lost through contact with the water bottom.The shallower the water becomes the slower the wave moves, especiallynear the water bottom. As the wavelength decreases, the energy in thewave is transferred to increasing wave height. The steeper the waterbottom gradient, the more pronounced the wave height will increase asthe wave approaches the shore. Wave height will begin to increase when awave experiences depths of around one half of its wavelength.

As a wave moves into increasingly shallow water, the bottom of the wavedecreases in speed to a point where the top of the wave overtakes it andspills forward. The forward spilling of the wave breaks the wave,dissipating its energy at a rate consistent with the slope of the waterbottom and head or tail winds. Generally, a wave begins to break whenthe wavefront reaches a water depth of about 1.3 times the wave height.After a wave breaks, the wave amplitude lessens as the energy isdissipated into eddy currents and turbulent flow.

Lower energy waves that do not naturally break can also cause damage.For example, ships moving through a shipping lane may create low energywaves that cause erosive effects on the nearby shoreline.

The prior art has attempted to address these problems with limitedsuccess. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 905,596 to Smith discloses a seawall that includes a series of blocks that have cells or cavities ontheir exposed faces, permanent, entrenched, affixed to the land.However, the seawall cannot be deployed in the water and must be affixedto the land, thereby increasing the cost for installation. Further, theseawall does not allow fish or other sea animals to pass through,thereby requiring time consuming maintenance.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,498,805 to Weir discloses a breakwater for protecting abank or bluff from erosion that comprises a plurality of similar modulesresting on the ground bed below the water. Each module has a single,large, upwardly concave trough to absorb wave energy. The modules aretied together by a pair of cables extending through pairs of pipesembedded in the bases of the respective modules. However, the breakwatermodules must be assembled in a straight line and cannot be deployed toconform to the contours of the shoreline.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,978,247 to Lenson discloses a modular erosion controlbreakwater device placed on the beach floor of a body of water. Thedevice has a body portion having a first surface defining a seaward faceand oppositely disposed therefrom a second surface defining a landwardface. A plurality of holes extending between said first and secondsurfaces for the passage of water therethrough. However, the device inLenson must be deployed in a straight line and cannot be deployed in acustom arrangement.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,697,736 to Veazey, et al. discloses an “L-wall”, whichis an L-shaped structural member intended for use in retaining walls andseawalls. The L-wall has a vertical wall or stem portion substantiallyperpendicular to a footer, and vertical key extending below the lowersurface of the footer, in line with the vertical wall portion. Holes arepreferably formed in the vertical wall and footer portions to providedrainage for liquid collecting behind the retaining wall or seawall.Holes can also be placed to facilitate handling and temporaryinterconnection of the L-members as well as drainage. However, theL-wall in Veazey requires the structure to be anchored to land andcannot be deployed to mirror the shape of the shoreline.

The prior art does not disclose or suggest a modular wave-break that canconform the shoreline upon deployment. Therefore, there is a need in theprior art for a modular wave-break having a tapered base for a customarrangement upon deployment.

SUMMARY

In one embodiment, a modular wave-break is disclosed. In thisembodiment, the modular wave-break includes a wall, a base attached tothe wall, and an anchor attached to the base. The wall includes a set ofdissipating holes integrally formed in the wall and a set of passageholes integrally formed in the wall. A set of eyebolts are connected tothe wall. Reinforcing structural rods are embedded in the wall, thebase, and the anchor to strengthen the modular wave-break. Mountingholes in the base enable the modular wave-break to be secured to a waterbottom surface.

In one embodiment, the base has a set of tapered sides enabling a customarrangement of a set of modular wave-breaks.

In one embodiment, the set of modular wave-breaks are interconnected toeach other by a connector pin. The connector pin is inserted into theset of eyebolts of each adjacent modular wave-break. In one embodiment,a barrier is adhered to each rear surface of each modular wave-break toseal the set of modular wave-breaks.

In one embodiment, the wall is tapered on a rear surface facing theshoreline to strengthen the wall.

In another embodiment, a modular bulkhead is disclosed. In thisembodiment, the modular bulkhead includes a wall, a base attached to thewall, and an anchor attached to the base. A set of eyebolts areconnected to the wall. Reinforcing structural rods are embedded in thewall, the base, and the anchor to strengthen the modular bulkhead. Thebase includes a set of mounting holes through which the modular bulkheadis secured to a surface.

In one embodiment, a geotechnical barrier is attached to the wall toseal the wall.

In one embodiment, the base has a set of tapered sides enabling a customarrangement of a set of modular bulkheads.

In one embodiment, the set of modular bulkheads are interconnected toeach other by a connector pin to form a containment wall to separate asediment area from water. The connector pin is inserted into the set ofeyebolts of each adjacent modular bulkhead. The geotechnical barrier isadjacent the sediment area.

In one embodiment, the wall is tapered on a rear surface adjacent thesediment to strengthen the wall.

In another embodiment, a water control structure is disclosed. In thisembodiment, the water control structure includes a series of panelswhere each panel comprises a wall, a base attached to the wall, and ananchor attached to the base. A set of post-tensioning reinforcementcables connect the panels in series and provide strength. Large passageholes in the wall allow water flow. The base includes a set of mountingholes through which the panels are secured to a surface.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The disclosed embodiments will be described with reference to theaccompanying drawings.

FIG. 1A is a front view of a low-energy modular wave-break of apreferred embodiment.

FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of reinforcing bar of a low-energymodular wave-break of a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 1C is a side view of a connector pin for a low-energy modularwave-break of a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 1D is a top view of one embodiment of a low-energy modularwave-break.

FIG. 1E is a top view of one embodiment of a low-energy modularwave-break.

FIG. 1F is a side view of one embodiment of a low-energy modularwave-break.

FIG. 1G is a side view of one embodiment of a low-energy modularwave-break.

FIG. 1H is a side view of one embodiment of a low-energy modularwave-break.

FIG. 2A is a top view of a placement of a set of modular wave-breaksnear a shoreline in one embodiment.

FIG. 2B is a side view of a modular wave-break anchored to a waterbottom surface.

FIG. 3 is a top view of a placement of a set of modular wave-breaks neara shoreline in one embodiment.

FIG. 4A shows a set of modular wave-breaks with a barrier in oneembodiment.

FIG. 4B is a side view of a modular wave-break anchored to a waterbottom surface.

FIG. 5A is a front view a modular bulkhead of a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of reinforcing bar of a modularbulkhead of a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 5C is a side view of a connector pin for a modular bulkhead of apreferred embodiment.

FIG. 5D is a top view of one embodiment of a modular bulkhead.

FIG. 5E is a top view of another embodiment of a modular bulkhead.

FIG. 5F is a side view of one embodiment of a modular bulkhead.

FIG. 5G is a side view of one embodiment of a modular bulkhead.

FIG. 5H is a side view of one embodiment of a modular bulkhead.

FIG. 6 shows a deployment of a set of modular bulkheads to contain asediment field.

FIG. 7A is a front view of a water control structure panel of apreferred embodiment.

FIG. 7B is a side view of a water control structure panel of a preferredembodiment.

FIG. 7C is a top view of a water control structure panel of a preferredembodiment.

FIG. 8A shows a deployment of a water control structure adjacent awetland.

FIG. 8B is a side view of a water control structure panel anchored to asurface.

FIG. 9A is a front view of a low-energy modular wave-break of apreferred embodiment.

FIG. 9B is a top view of one embodiment of a low-energy modularwave-break.

FIG. 9C is a side view of one embodiment of a low-energy modularwave-break.

FIG. 9D is a top view of a placement of a set of modular wave-breaksnear a shoreline in one embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring to FIG. 1A, modular wave-break 100 includes wall 101 attachedto base 102. Base 102 is attached to anchor 103.

Wall 101 includes wall portions 104 and 105 separated by central portion106. Wall portion 104 includes set of dissipating holes 107 and passagehole 108. Wall portion 105 includes set of dissipating holes 109 andpassage hole 110. Sets of dissipating holes 107 and 109 dissipateincoming waves and passage holes 108 and 110 allow sea creatures to movethrough wall 101.

In a preferred embodiment, sets of dissipating holes 107 and 109 arearranged in a grid-like pattern. Other geometric or non-geometricpatterns may be employed.

In other embodiments, the number and configurations of sets ofdissipating holes 107 and 109 vary depending on the strength of waveswhich will be dissipated.

In other embodiments, the number and configurations of passage holes 108and 110 vary depending on the sea creatures in the location wheremodular wave-break 100 will be deployed.

In a preferred embodiment, each dissipating hole in sets of dissipatingholes 107 and 109 is approximately 3 inches in diameter. Other diametersmay be utilized.

In a preferred embodiment, each of passage holes 108 and 110 has adiameter of approximately 1 foot. Other diameters may be utilized.

Side portion 111 is attached to wall portion 104 opposite centralportion 106. Eye bolts 112 and 113 are connected to side portion 111with nuts 150 and 151, respectively. Side portion 114 is attached towall portion 105 opposite central portion 106. Eye bolts 115 and 116 areconnected to side portion 114 with nuts 152 and 153, respectively.

Wall 101 has width 121 and height 125. Side portion 111 has width 122.Central portion 106 has width 123. Side portion 114 has width 124.Central portion 106 is distance 126 on center from side edge 155. Anchor103 has height 127. Each dissipating hole in sets of holes 107 and 109are width 131 and height 132 from each other. Each set of dissipatingholes 107 and 109 is height 133 from base 102 and distance 134 fromcentral portion 106. Base 102 has thickness 162.

In a preferred embodiment, width 121 is approximately 20 feet. Otherwidths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, height 125 is approximately 6 feet. Otherheights may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, width 122 is approximately 1 foot. Otherwidths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, width 123 is approximately 1 foot. Otherwidths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, width 124 is approximately 1 foot. Otherwidths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, distance 126 is approximately 10 feet. Otherdistances may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, height 127 is approximately 1 foot, 9 inches.Other heights may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, width 131 is approximately 1 foot. Otherwidths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, height 132 is approximately 1 foot. Otherheights may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, height 133 is approximately 1 foot. Otherheights may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, distance 134 is approximately 9 inches. Otherdistances may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, thickness 162 is approximately 8 inches.Other thicknesses may be employed.

Eye bolt 112 is distance 117 from top edge 154 of wall 101. Eye bolt 113is distance 118 from top edge 154 of wall 101. Eye bolt 115 is distance119 from top edge 154 of wall 101. Eye bolt 116 is distance 120 from topedge 154 of wall 101.

In a preferred embodiment, distance 117 is approximately 2 feet. In thisembodiment, distance 118 is approximately 4 feet. In this embodiment,distance 119 is approximately 1 foot. In this embodiment, distance 120is approximately 3 feet. Hence, eye bolts 112 and 113 are staggered indistance from top edge 154 with respect to eye bolts 115 and 116 toenable a modular connection with multiple wave-breaks as will be furtherdescribed below. Other connection systems known in the art may beemployed.

In a preferred embodiment, nuts 150, 151, 152, and 153 are embedded invertical portion 101 with washers to provide pull out resistance.

In a preferred embodiment, each of eye bolts 112, 113, 115, and 116 hasa set of dimensions of approximately 1¼ inches×10 inches. Otherdimensions may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of eye bolts 112, 113, 115, and 116 isscrewed into nuts 150, 151, 152, and 153, respectively so that each ofeye bolts 112, 113, 115, and 116 is open in the vertical direction.

Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B, modular wave-break 100 includes structuralbar 144 in base 102, structural bar 145 in base 102 and anchor 103,structural bar 146 in wall 101 and base 102.

Structural bars 144, 145, and 146 are embedded throughout modularwave-break 100 across width 121. In a preferred embodiment, each ofhorizontal structural bars 144 is placed 6″ on center to reinforce base102. In this embodiment, each of upper structural bars 146 is placed 12inches on center, between each column of sets of dissipating holes 107and 109 and at every other horizontal structural bar 144, and bent toprovide reinforcement between wall 101 and base 102. In this embodiment,each of lower structural bars 145 is placed 12 inches on center, atevery other horizontal structural bar 144 not aligned with the set ofupper structural bars 146. Set of lower structural bars 145 is bent toprovide reinforcement between anchor 103 and base 102.

Referring to FIG. 1C, connector pin 147 includes shaft 148 and head 149attached to shaft 148. Shaft 148 includes hole 163. In use, connectorpin is inserted through a set of eyebolts to connect multiple modularwave-breaks 100 and a bolt is inserted through hole 163 and secured witha nut to hold connector pin 147 in place when connecting multiplemodular wave-breaks as will be further described below. Other fastenersknown in the art may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, connector pin 147, eye bolts 112, 113, 115,and 116, and nuts 150, 151, 152, and 153 are made of 316 stainlesssteel. Other suitable materials known in the art may be employed.

In another embodiment, a set of stainless steel cables can be employedto secure multiple modular wave-breaks together by stringing the steelcables through the eyebolts. The set of stainless steel cables wouldpreferably be placed on the load bearing side to facilitate additionalstructural integrity and system stability.

Referring to FIG. 1D in one embodiment, base 102 has sets of mountingholes 138 and 139, sides 155, 161, 167, and 170, and length 156. Sets ofmounting holes 138 and 139 provide lift points for installing and/ormoving modular wave-break 100 and provide mounting support for mountingmodular wave-break 100 to a structure as will be described below.

Set of mounting holes 138 is located distance 128 from side 155,distance 160 from side 161, distance 157 from center line 158, distance159 from center line 158, and distance 168 from side 167.

Set of mounting holes 139 is located distance 128 from side 155,distance 160 from side 161, distance 157 from center line 158, distance159 from center line 158, and distance 169 from side 170.

In a preferred embodiment, length 156 is approximately 12 feet. Otherlengths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of distances 128 and 160 isapproximately 2 feet, four inches. Other distances may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of distances 157 and 159 isapproximately 2 feet, four inches. Other distances may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of distances 168 and 169 isapproximately 2 feet, 6 inches. Other distances may be employed.

Referring to FIG. 1E in another embodiment, base 102 has tapered sides140, 141, 142, and 143. Each of tapered sides 140 and 142 tapers atangle α off-set from side 155 and each of tapered sides 141 and 143tapers at angle α off-set from side 161.

In other embodiments, each of tapered sides 140, 141, 142, and 143tapers at a different angle off-set from its respective side withrespect to each other.

In a preferred embodiment, angle α is approximately 30 degrees. Inanother embodiment, angle α is approximately 15 degrees. In anotherembodiment, angle α is approximately 45 degrees. Other angles may beemployed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of structural bars 144, 145, and 146 isno. 6 size, having a minimum of 60 ksi yield tensile strength and madeof fiberglass. Other suitable materials known in the art may beemployed.

Referring to FIG. 1F in one embodiment, rear surface 163 of wall 101includes taper 135. Taper 135 tapers from thickness 136 at top edge 154to thickness 137 at bottom 171 of wall 101. Taper 135 of wall 101 isincluded for additional load support and is placed toward the land sideas will be further described below. Anchor 103 has thickness 136.

In a preferred embodiment, thickness 136 is approximately 6 inches.Other thicknesses may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, thickness 137 is approximately 1 foot. Otherthicknesses may be employed.

Referring to FIG. 1G in another embodiment, rear surface 163 of wall 101is generally perpendicular to base 102, without taper 135.

Referring to FIG. 1H in another embodiment, rear surface 163 includestaper 164. Taper 164 does not cover the entire rear surface 163 of thewall 101. In this embodiment, lower half 165 of wall 101 has taper 164and upper half 166 is generally perpendicular to base 102.

In a preferred embodiment, wall 101, base 102, and anchor 103 are castas a whole in 5,000 psi concrete having a unit weight of approximately105 lb./cubic ft. and including structural bars 144, 145, and 146.

In one embodiment, wave-break 100 may be poured in two pours with coldjoint 172 connecting wall 101 to base 102.

Referring to FIG. 2A, set of modular wave-breaks 200 includes modularwave-breaks 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, and 206 to form a single wave-breaksystem. Modular wave-breaks 201 and 202 are connected with connector pin209. Modular wave-breaks 202 and 203 are connected with connector pin210. Modular wave-breaks 203 and 204 are connected with connector pin211. Modular wave-breaks 204 and 205 are connected with connector pin212. Modular wave-breaks 205 and 206 are connected with connector pin213. Set of modular wave-breaks 200 is placed on water bottom surface207, near shoreline 208.

Waves 214 propagating towards shoreline 208 are broken into dissipatedwaves 215 by set of modular wave-breaks 200, protecting shoreline 208from erosion and beachgoers from dangers such as excessive undertow.

Referring to FIG. 2B by way of example, anchor 216 of modular wave-break203 is buried below water bottom surface 207. Wall 217 is above waterbottom surface 207. Base 218 is buried immediately below water bottomsurface 207 at depth 219.

In a preferred embodiment, depth 219 is approximately 1 foot. Otherdepths may be employed.

Mounting rod 222 is inserted through mounting hole 220 of base 218. Nut226 is engaged with threaded portion 224 of mounting rod 222 to securemodular wave-break 203 to water bottom surface 207. Mounting rod 223 isinserted through mounting hole 221 of base 218. Nut 227 is engaged withthreaded portion 225 of mounting rod 223 to secure modular wave-break203 to water bottom surface 207.

Referring to FIG. 3 in another embodiment by way of example, set ofmodular wave-breaks 300 includes modular wave-breaks 301, 302, 303, 304,305, 306, and 307 to form a singular wave-break system. Modularwave-breaks 301 and 302 are connected with connector pin 308. Modularwave-breaks 302 and 303 are connected with connector pin 309. Modularwave-breaks 303 and 304 are connected with connector pin 310. Modularwave-breaks 304 and 305 are connected with connector pin 311. Modularwave-breaks 305 and 306 are connected with connector pin 312. Modularwave-breaks 306 and 307 are connected with connector pin 313.

Set of modular wave-breaks 300 is placed on water bottom surface 314 ina “zigzag” pattern, near shoreline 315 and secured to water bottomsurface 314 as previously described. By way of example, modularwave-break 301 has tapered side 319, modular wave-break 302 has taperedsides 320 and 321, and modular wave break 303 has tapered side 322.Tapered sides 319, 320, 321, and 322 enable modular wave-breaks 301,302, and 303 to be positioned off-center at angle θ and enabling set ofmodular wave-breaks to be positioned at any desirable configuration.

Waves 316 propagate towards shoreline 315 and are broken into a set ofdissipated waves 317 and smaller reflected waves 318 by set of modularwave-breaks 300. Other configurations of set of modular wave-breaks 300may be employed, depending upon the strength of the waves.

In a preferred embodiment, angle θ is in a range of approximately 30° to180°.

Referring to FIG. 4A in another embodiment, a set of modular wave-breaks400 is placed on water bottom surface 401 separating sediment area 402from water mass 403. Set of modular wave-breaks 400 includes modularwave-breaks 405, 406, 407, 408, and 409 to form a singular wave-breaksystem. Modular wave-breaks 405 and 406 are connected with connector pin410. Modular wave-breaks 406 and 407 are connected with connector pin411. Modular wave-breaks 407 and 408 are connected with connector pin412. Modular wave-breaks 408 and 409 are connected with connector pin413. Set of modular wave-breaks 400 are sealed with barrier 404 adjacentsediment area 402.

Referring to FIG. 4B by way of example, barrier 404 is adhered to rearsurface 424 of wall 425. Anchor 426 of modular wave-break 407 is buriedbelow water bottom surface 401. Wall 425 is above water bottom surface401. Base 428 is buried immediately below water bottom surface 401 atdepth 429.

In a preferred embodiment, depth 429 is approximately 1 foot. Otherdepths may be employed.

Mounting rod 430 is inserted through mounting hole 419 of base 428. Nut431 is engaged with threaded portion 432 of mounting rod 430 to securemodular wave-break 407 to water bottom surface 401. Mounting rod 433 isinserted through mounting hole 418 of base 428. Nut 434 is engaged withthreaded portion 435 of mounting rod 433 to secure modular wave-break407 to water bottom surface 401.

In a preferred embodiment, barrier 404 is a geotechnical materialadhered to the surfaces of modular wave-breaks 405, 406, 407, 408, and409 with a mastic type adhesive which is also applied to seal the jointsbetween each modular wave-break. In another embodiment, a polyurethanesealant may be used. Other sealants known in the art may be employed.

Referring to FIG. 5A in another embodiment, modular bulkhead 500includes wall 501 attached to base 502. Base 502 is attached to anchor503.

Wall 501 includes wall portions 504 and 505 separated by central portion506. Side portion 507 is attached to wall portion 504 opposite centralportion 506. Eye bolts 508 and 509 are connected to side portion 507with nuts 540 and 541, respectively. Side portion 510 is attached towall portion 505 opposite central portion 506. Eye bolts 511 and 512 areconnected to side portion 510 with nuts 542 and 543, respectively.

Wall 501 has width 517 and height 521. Side portion 507 has width 518.Central portion 506 has width 519. Side portion 510 has width 520.Central portion 506 is distance 522 on center from side 544. Anchor 503has height 523. Base 502 has thickness 545.

In a preferred embodiment, width 517 is approximately 20 feet. Otherwidths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, height 521 is approximately 6 feet. Otherheights may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, width 518 is approximately 1 foot. Otherwidths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, width 519 is approximately 1 foot. Otherwidths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, width 520 is approximately 1 foot. Otherwidths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, distance 522 is approximately 10 feet. Otherdistances may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, height 523 is approximately 1 foot, 9 inches.Other heights may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, thickness 545 is approximately 8 inches.Other thicknesses may be employed.

Eye bolt 508 is distance 513 from top edge 547 of wall 501. Eye bolt 509is distance 514 from top edge 547 of wall 101. Eye bolt 511 is distance515 from top edge 547 of wall 501. Eye bolt 512 is distance 516 from topedge 547 of wall 501.

In a preferred embodiment, distance 513 is approximately 2 feet. In thisembodiment, distance 514 is approximately 4 feet. In this embodiment,distance 515 is approximately 1 foot. In this embodiment, distance 516is approximately 3 feet. Hence, eye bolts 508 and 509 are staggered indistance from top edge 547 with respect to eye bolts 511 and 512 toenable a modular connection with multiple wave-breaks as will be furtherdescribed below.

In a preferred embodiment, nuts 540, 541, 542, and 543 are embedded invertical portion 101 with washers to provide pull out resistance.

In a preferred embodiment, each of eye bolts 508, 509, 511, and 512 hasa set of dimensions of approximately 1¼ inches×10 inches. Otherdimensions may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of eye bolts 508, 509, 511, and 512 isscrewed into nuts 540, 541, 542, and 543, respectively so that each ofeye bolts 508, 509, 511, and 512 is open in the vertical direction.

Referring to FIGS. 5A and 5B, modular bulkhead 500 includes structuralbar 534 in base 502, structural bar 535 in base 502 and anchor 503,structural bar 536 in wall 501 and base 502.

Structural bars 534, 535, and 536 are embedded throughout modularbulkhead 500 across width 517. In a preferred embodiment, eachhorizontal structural bar 534 is placed 6 inches on center to reinforcebase 502. In this embodiment, upper structural bar 536 is placed 12inches on center at every other horizontal structural bar 534, and bentto provide reinforcement between wall 501 and base 502. In thisembodiment, each lower structural bar 535 is placed 12 inches on center,at every other horizontal structural bar 534 not aligned with upperstructural bars 536. Each lower structural bar 535 is bent to providereinforcement between anchor 503 and base 502.

In a preferred embodiment, each of structural bars 534, 535, and 536 isno. 6 size, having a minimum of 60 ksi yield tensile strength and madeof fiberglass. Other suitable materials known in the art may beemployed.

In a preferred embodiment, wall 501, base 502, and anchor 503 are castas a whole in 5,000 psi concrete having a unit weight of approximately105 lb./cubic ft. and including structural bars 534, 535, and 536.

Referring to FIG. 5C, connector pin 537 includes shaft 538 and head 539attached to shaft 538. Shaft 538 includes hole 559. In use, connectorpin 537 is inserted through a set of eyebolts to connect multiplemodular bulkheads 500 and a bolt is inserted through hole 559 andsecured with a nut to hold connector pin 537 in place when connectingmultiple modular bulkheads as will be further described below.

In a preferred embodiment, connector pin 537, eye bolts 508, 509, 511,and 512, and nuts 540, 541, 542, and 543 are made of 316 stainlesssteel. Other suitable materials known in the art may be employed.

In another embodiment, a set of stainless steel cables can be employedto secure multiple modular bulkheads together by stringing the steelcables through the eyebolts. The set of stainless steel cables wouldpreferably be placed on the load bearing side to facilitate additionalstructural integrity and system stability.

Referring to FIG. 5D in one embodiment, base 502 has sets of mountingholes 524 and 529, sides 544, 546, 555, and 556, and length 549. Sets ofmounting holes 524 and 529 provide lift points for installing and/ormoving modular bulkhead 500 and provide additional mounting support formounting a modular wave-break to a structure as will be described below.

Set of mounting holes 524 is located distance 550 from side 544,distance 551 from side 546, distance 552 from center line 553, distance554 from center line 553, and distance 557 from side 556.

Set of mounting holes 529 is located distance 550 from side 544,distance 551 from side 546, distance 552 from center line 553, distance554 from center line 553, and distance 558 from side 555.

In a preferred embodiment, length 549 is approximately 12 feet. Otherlengths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of distances 550 and 551 isapproximately 2 feet, four inches. Other distances may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of distances 552 and 554 isapproximately 2 feet, four inches. Other distances may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of distances 557 and 558 isapproximately 2 feet, 6 inches. Other distances may be employed.

Referring to FIG. 5E in another embodiment, base 502 has tapered sides530, 531, 533, and 534. Each of tapered sides 530 and 534 tapers atangle β off-set from side 544 and each of tapered sides 531 and 533tapers at angle β off-set from side 546.

In a preferred embodiment, angle β is approximately 30 degrees. Inanother embodiment, angle β is approximately 15 degrees. In anotherembodiment, angle β is approximately 45 degrees. Other angles may beemployed.

In other embodiments, each of tapered sides 530, 531, 533, and 534tapers at various angles from its respective side according to designneed.

Referring to FIG. 5F in one embodiment, rear surface 560 of wall 501includes taper 526. Taper 526 tapers from thickness 527 at top edge 547to thickness 528 at bottom 548 of wall 501. Taper 526 is included foradditional load support and is placed toward the land side as will befurther described below. Anchor has thickness 527.

In a preferred embodiment, thickness 527 is approximately 6 inches.Other thicknesses may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, thickness 528 is approximately 1 foot. Otherthicknesses may be employed.

Referring to FIG. 5G in another embodiment, rear surface 560 of wall 501is generally perpendicular to base 502, without taper 526.

Referring to FIG. 5H in another embodiment, rear surface 560 includestaper 561. Taper 561 does not cover the entire rear surface 560 of thewall 501. In this embodiment, lower half 562 of wall 501 has taper 561and upper half 563 is generally perpendicular to base 502.

Other variations are possible. For example, wall 501 can be trapezoidalor form a parallelogram in shape with tapers on both sides.

Referring to FIG. 6, set of modular bulkheads 600 forms a containmentwall separating sediment area 611 from water mass 612. Set of modularbulkheads 600 includes modular bulkheads 601, 602, 603, 604, and 605.Modular bulkheads 601 and 602 are connected with connector pin 606,modular bulkheads 602 and 603 are connected with connector pin 607,modular bulkheads 603 and 604 are connected with connector pin 608, andmodular bulkheads 604 and 605 are connected with connector pin 609. Setof modular bulkheads 600 are sealed with barrier 610 adjacent sedimentarea 611. Set of modular bulkheads 600 are secured the surface in thesame manner as described in FIG. 4B.

By way of example, modular bulkhead 601 has tapered side 613. Taperedside 613 enables modular bulkhead 601 to be positioned off-set at angleω from modular bulkhead 602 and enabling set of modular bulkheads 600 tobe positioned at any desirable configuration.

In a preferred embodiment, angle ω is a range from approximately 0° toapproximately 180°.

In a preferred embodiment, barrier 610 is a geotechnical materialadhered to the surfaces of modular bulkheads 601, 602, 603, 604, and 605with a mastic type adhesive which is also applied to seal the jointsbetween each modular wave-break. In another embodiment, a polyurethanesealant may be used. Other sealants known in the art may be employed.

Referring to FIG. 7A in another embodiment, panel 701 includes wall 702integrally formed with base 704. Anchor 706 extends from base 704. Wall702 includes flow holes 708 and 718. Flow holes 708 and 718 allow waterto pass through panel 701. In a preferred embodiment, flow holes 708 and718 are circular, however, other shapes may be employed. The number offlow holes incorporated into wall 702 may vary from at least one to asmany as will not affect the structural integrity of panel 701.Post-tensioning reinforcement cables 720 and 722 extend through thewidth of wall 702. At side 724 of wall 702, caps 728 and 729 terminatecables 720 and 722, respectively. Caps 728 and 729 provide resistancefor applying tension to cables 720 and 722. Panel 701 connects to anadjacent panel at side 726 as will be further described below. Cables720 and 722 extend to adjacent panels to create a water controlstructure comprised of multiple panels connected in series.

Wall 702 has width 710 and height 712. Base 704 has width 710 and height714. Anchor 706 has width 710 and height 716. Flow holes 708 and 718have diameter 732. The center points of flow holes 708 and 718 arelocated distance 738 from top edge 730. Cable 720 is positioned distance740 from top edge 730 and cable 722 is positioned distance 742 from base704. Preferably holes 708 and 718 are located between cables 720 and722.

In a preferred embodiment, width 710 is approximately 20 feet. Otherwidths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, height 712 is approximately 6 feet. Otherheights may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, height 714 is approximately 8 inches. Otherheights may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, height 716 is approximately 1 foot, 9 inches.Other heights may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, diameter 732 is approximately 3 feet. Otherdiameters may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, distance 738 is approximately 3 feet. Otherdistances may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, distances 740 and 742 are approximately 8inches. Other distances may be employed.

Referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B, panel 701 may include structural bar 734in base 704, structural bar 735 in base 704 and anchor 706, andstructural bar 736 in wall 702 and base 704.

Structural bars 734, 735, and 736 may be embedded throughout panel 701across width 710. In a preferred embodiment, each horizontal structuralbar 734 is placed 6 inches from each other to reinforce base 704. Inthis embodiment, each upper structural bar 736 is placed 12 inches fromeach other at every other horizontal structural bar 734, and bent toprovide reinforcement between wall 702 and base 704. Upper structuralbars 736 do not cross flow holes 708 and 718. In this embodiment, eachlower structural bar 735 is placed 12 inches from each other, at everyother horizontal structural bar 734 not aligned with upper structuralbars 736. Lower structural bars 735 are offset between upper structuralbars 736. Each lower structural bar 735 is bent to provide reinforcementbetween base 704 and anchor 706.

In a preferred embodiment, each of structural bars 734, 735, and 736 isno. 6 size, having a minimum of 60 ksi yield tensile strength and madeof fiberglass. Other suitable materials such as reinforcing fibers knownin the art may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, wall 702, base 704, and anchor 706 are castas a whole in 5,000 psi concrete having a unit weight of approximately105 lb./cubic ft. and may include structural bars 734, 735, and 736.

Referring to FIG. 7C in one embodiment, base 704 has sets of mountingholes 737 and 739, sides 743, 744, 746, and 748, and length 756. Sets ofmounting holes 737 and 739 provide lift points for installing and/ormoving panel 701 and provide additional mounting support for mountingpanel 701 to a structure as will be described below.

Set of mounting holes 737 is located distance 752 from side 743,distance 753 from side 746, and distance 750 from side 744. Each hole ofset of mounting holes 737 is spaced distance 754 from an adjacent hole.

Set of mounting holes 739 is located distance 752 from side 743,distance 753 from side 746, and distance 751 from side 748. Each hole ofset of mounting holes 739 is spaced distance 755 from an adjacent hole.

In a preferred embodiment, length 756 is approximately 12 feet. Otherlengths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of distances 750 and 751 isapproximately 2 feet, 6 inches. Other distances may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of distances 752 and 753 isapproximately 2 feet, four inches. Other distances may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, each of distances 754 and 755 isapproximately 4 feet. Other distances may be employed.

Referring to FIG. 8A, water control structure 700 includes panels 701,703, 705, and 707. Panels 701, 703, 705, and 707 are connected to eachother in series with post-tensioning reinforcement cables 720 and 722.Between panels 701 and 703 is barrier 760. Between panels 703 and 705 isbarrier 762. Between panels 705 and 707 is barrier 764. Barriers 760,762, and 764 are a gasket sealant material adhered to the panels with amastic type adhesive to seal the joints between each panel. An exampleis RAM-NEK® Preformed Flexible Plastic Gaskets available from HenryCorporation. The combination of the post-tensioning reinforcement cablesand the barriers lock panels 701, 703, 705, and 707 together and ensurewater tightness. Water control structure 700 is used to control thehydraulic regime and water budget of a wetland area. The wetland areamay be designed for flood conveyance and requires the functionality tostore and release storm runoff The water control structure can maintainproper water depth in the wetland area for specific habitat needs andcan facilitate a total drawdown of the wetland area if necessary.

Panels 701, 703, 705, and 707 each include weir boxes 766. A weir box766 is connected to each flow hole of each panel. Weir boxes arecommonly used to alter the flow of rivers and canals to preventflooding, measure discharge, and help render water ways navigable. In analternate embodiment, water structure 700 does not include any weirboxes.

Outflow of water from wetland area 784 adjacent levee 782 is managed bywater control structure 700 which controls the inflow of water indirection 786 into canal 780.

Panels 701, 703, 705, and 707 are pre-cast and transported to thewetland area for installation. The panels are post-tensioned on siteprior to backfill of levee 782.

Referring to FIG. 8B by way of example, timber piles 793 and sheet pile794 are driven into water bottom surface 788. Anchor 706 is buried belowwater bottom surface 788 adjacent sheet pile 794. A gasket sealantmaterial may be adhered to the underside of base 704 and to anchor 706.Wall 702 is above water bottom surface 788.

Weir box 766 is connected to wall 702 with conduit 790. Conduit 790extends from weir box 766 through a flow hole. Conduit 790 is grouted toor mastic sealed to the flow hole. Flap gate 789 is attached to conduit790. Weir box 766 rests on foundation 796. The height of foundation 796can be varied to ensure alignment of conduit 790 with a flow hole ofwall 702. Anchor bolts 792 pass through holes 737 and 739 of base 704and secure panel 701 to timber piles 793. Anchor bolts are typically 1inch×36 inch lag screws. Other size anchor bolts may be employed.

Referring to FIG. 9A, in another embodiment, modular wave-break 900includes wall 902 attached to base 904. Base 904 is attached to anchor906. Wall 902, base 904, and anchor 906 are cast as a whole in 5,500psi, fiber reinforced, precast concrete having a unit weight of rangingfrom 14,100 lbs. in lightweight aggregate to 17,610 lbs. in normalaggregate.

Wall 902 includes set of dissipating holes 907 and passage hole 908. Setof dissipating holes 907 dissipate incoming waves and passage hole 908allow sea creatures to move through modular wave break 900.

In a preferred embodiment, set of dissipating holes 907 is arranged in agrid-like pattern. Other geometric or non-geometric patterns may beemployed.

In other embodiments, the number and configuration of set of dissipatingholes 907 vary depending on the strength of waves that will bedissipated. In other embodiments, the number and configuration ofpassage holes 908 vary depending on the sea creatures in the locationwhere modular wave-break 900 will be deployed.

In a preferred embodiment, each dissipating hole in set of dissipatingholes 907 is approximately 3 inches in diameter. Other diameters may beutilized. In a preferred embodiment, passage hole 908 has a diameter ofapproximately 1 foot, six inches. Other diameters may be utilized.

Wall 902 has top edge 909 and lateral sides 910 and 911. Wall 902includes rib 912 and rib 913 positioned adjacent lateral sides 910 and911, respectively. Ribs 912 and 913 increase in thickness as eachextends from top edge 909 towards base 904. Ribs 912 and 913 providestructural support for wall 902. In an alternate embodiment, wall 902includes greater or lesser number of ribs which can be positioneddistant from or proximate to the lateral sides. Eye bolts 914 and 916extend from lateral side 910. Hooks 918 and 920 extend from lateral side911. The eye of each eyebolt is sized to receive a hook. In an alternateembodiment, hooks 918 and 920 include nut 919 and nut 921, respectively.

Wall 902 has width 922 and height 924. Base 904 has thickness 926.Anchor 906 has height 928.

In a preferred embodiment, width 922 is approximately 10 feet. Otherwidths may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, height 925 is approximately 6 feet. Otherheights may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, thickness 926 is approximately 9 inches.Other thicknesses may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, height 928 is approximately 1 foot, 9 inches.Other heights may be employed.

In a preferred embodiment, eye bolt 914 is distance 930 from top edge909 of wall 902. Eye bolt 916 is distance 932 from top edge 909 of wall902. Hook 918 is distance 934 from top edge 909 of wall 902. Hook 920 isdistance 936 from top edge 909 of wall 902.

In a preferred embodiment, distance 930 is approximately 3 feet, 6inches; distance 932 is approximately 5 feet, 6 inches; distance 934 isapproximately 3 feet; and distance 936 is approximately 5 feet. Hence,eye bolts 914 and 916 are staggered in distance from top edge 909 withrespect to hooks 918 and 920 to enable a modular connection withmultiple wave-breaks as will be further described below. Otherconnection systems known in the art may be employed. All the eyeboltsare positioned such that they are open in the vertical directionenabling the eyebolts to receive the hooks.

Referring to FIG. 9B, wall 902 has depth 944. Base 904 has sides 938 and939 and depth 946. Base 904 has lifting anchors 940, 941, 942, and 943that provide lift points for installing and/or moving modular wave-break900. Base 904 has tapered sides 950, 952, 954, and 956. Each of taperedsides 950 and 952 tapers at angle γ off-set from side 938 and each oftapered sides 954 and 956 tapers at angle γ off-set from side 939. Inother embodiments, each of tapered sides 950, 952, 954, and 956 tapersat a different angle off-set from its respective side with respect toeach other.

In a preferred embodiment, depth 944 is approximately 6 inches. Otherdepths may be employed. Depth 946 is approximately 12 feet. Other depthsmay be employed. In a preferred embodiment, angle γ is approximately 30degrees. In another embodiment, angle γ is approximately 15 degrees. Inanother embodiment, angle γ is approximately 45 degrees. Other anglesmay be employed.

Referring to FIG. 9C, rib 913 (and rib 912, not shown) includes taper960 at angle δ. Angle δ in a preferred embodiment is 15°, but can rangebetween 3° to 25° depending on the application. Taper 960 expands fromtop edge 909 to thickness 962 where wall 902 meets base 904. Anchor 906has thickness 964. In a preferred embodiment, thickness 944 and 964 areapproximately 6 inches. Other thicknesses may be employed. Thickness 962is approximately 1 foot. Other thicknesses may be employed.

Referring to FIG. 9D, modular wave-breaks 970, 972, 974, and 976 areconnected together to form wave-break system 980. Modular wave-breaks970 and 972 are attached via their staggered eyebolts and hooks at point982 and positioned relative to each other such that tapered side 984contacts tapered side 986. Modular wave-breaks 972 and 974 are attachedvia their staggered eyebolts and hooks at point 988 and positionedrelative to each other such that tapered side 990 contacts tapered side992. Modular wave-breaks 974 and 976 are attached via their staggeredeyebolts and hooks at point 994 and positioned relative to each othersuch that tapered side 996 contacts tapered side 998.

Wave-break system 980 is secured to the water bottom surface nearshoreline 966. Waves 968 propagating towards shoreline 966 are brokeninto dissipated waves 999 by wave-break system 980, protecting shoreline966 from erosion and beachgoers from dangers such as excessive undertow.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modificationscan be made to the embodiments disclosed and remain within the inventiveconcept. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the specificembodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover changes within the scopeand spirit of the claims.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A modular wave-break comprising: a wallattached to a base, where the base extends generally perpendicularlyfrom the wall; an anchor attached to the base; a set of dissipatingholes in the wall, where each dissipating hole of the set of dissipatingholes has a first diameter; a set of passage holes in the wall, whereeach passage hole of the set of passage holes has a second diameter;wherein the first diameter is less than the second diameter; a set ofupper structural bars embedded within the wall and the base; a set oflower structural bars embedded within the base and the anchor, whereeach upper structural bar of the set of upper structural bars is notaligned with a lower structural bar of the set of lower structural bars;wherein each of the dissipating holes of the set of dissipating holes ispositioned between a pair of upper structural bars of the set of upperstructural bars; wherein the set of dissipating holes further comprisesa number of dissipating holes; wherein the set of passage holes furthercomprises a number of passage holes; and, wherein a first ratio of thenumber of dissipating holes to the number of passage holes is greaterthan one.
 2. The modular wave-break of claim 1, wherein the diameter ofeach passage hole of the set of passage holes is at least twice thediameter of each dissipating hole of the set of dissipating holes. 3.The modular wave-break of claim 1 wherein the set of dissipating holesis at least twice as large as the set of passage holes; wherein the setof dissipating holes has a first total size based on the number ofdissipating holes; wherein the set of passage holes has a second totalsize based on the number of passage holes; and, wherein a second ratioof the first total size to the second total size is greater than one. 4.The modular wave-break of claim 1, further comprising: a first set ofeyebolts connected to the wall.
 5. The modular wave-break of claim 4,further comprising: a second set of eyebolts connected to the wall,opposite the first set of eyebolts.
 6. The modular wave-break of claim5, wherein the first set of eyebolts and the second set of eyebolts arestaggered in height.
 7. The modular wave-break of claim 1 furthercomprising a barrier attached to the wall.
 8. The modular wave-break ofclaim 1 wherein the base includes a set of tapered sides.
 9. Awave-break system for dissipating a wave over a water bottom surfacecomprising: a wall having a first side portion, a central portion, and asecond side portion; the wall attached to a base, wherein the base isconnected to the water bottom surface; an anchor attached to the base,wherein the base is buried under the water bottom surface; a first setof dissipating holes integrally formed in the wall and a first passagehole integrally formed in the wall are between the first side portionand the central portion; wherein each dissipating hole of the first setof dissipating holes has a first diameter; wherein the first passagehole has a second diameter; wherein the first diameter is less than thesecond diameter; wherein the first set of dissipating holes furthercomprises a first number of dissipating holes greater than one; and, asecond set of dissipating holes integrally formed in the wall and asecond passage hole integrally formed in the wall between the centralportion and the second side portion; wherein each dissipating hole ofthe second set of dissipating holes has a third diameter; wherein thesecond passage hole has a fourth diameter; wherein the third diameter isless than the fourth diameter; and, wherein the second set ofdissipating holes further comprises a second number of dissipating holesgreater than one; whereby the wave is dissipated upon contact with thewall.
 10. The wave-break system of claim 9, further comprising ageotechnical barrier attached to the wall.
 11. The wave-break system ofclaim 9, further comprising: a first set of eyebolts connected to thewall at a first location.
 12. The wave-break system of claim 11, furthercomprising: a second set of eyebolts connected to the wall at a secondlocation.
 13. The wave-break system of claim 12, wherein the firstlocation and the second location are staggered.
 14. The wave-breaksystem of claim 9, wherein the first passage hole is bounded by thefirst set of dissipating holes and the base.
 15. The wave-break systemof claim 9, wherein the second passage hole is bounded by the second setof dissipating holes and the base.
 16. The wave-break system of claim 9,wherein the base includes a set of tapered sides.
 17. A system forbreaking waves, the system comprising: a set of modular wave-breaks;each of the modular wave-breaks including: a wall having a first sideportion, a central portion, and a second side portion; the wall attachedto a base, wherein the base is connected to a water bottom surface; ananchor attached to the base, wherein the base is buried under the waterbottom surface; a first set of dissipating holes integrally formed inthe wall and a first passage hole integrally formed in the wall arebetween the first side portion and the central portion; wherein eachdissipating hole of the first set of dissipating holes has a firstdiameter; wherein the first passage hole has a second diameter; whereinthe first diameter is less than the second diameter; and, a second setof dissipating holes integrally formed in the wall and a second passagehole integrally formed in the wall between the central portion and thesecond side portion; wherein each dissipating hole of the second set ofdissipating holes has a third diameter; wherein the second passage holehas a fourth diameter; wherein the third diameter is less than thefourth diameter; wherein the first set of dissipating holes furthercomprises a first number of dissipating holes greater than one; whereinthe second set of dissipating holes further comprises a second number ofdissipating holes greater than one.
 18. The system of claim 17 furthercomprising: the base having a set of four tapered sides that are eachoffset at one of a set of angles from one of the first side and thesecond side; and, the set of angles including approximately 15 degrees,approximately 30 degrees, and approximately 45 degrees.
 19. The systemof claim 17 further comprising: the wall including a set of ribs thateach increase in thickness from a top edge towards the base; each ribincluding a taper at one of a second set of angles selected from therange of 3 degrees to 25 degrees; and, the anchor having a thicknessthat is one of approximately 6 inches and approximately 1 foot.
 20. Thesystem of claim 17 further comprising: each of the modular wave-breaksincluding: a set of staggered eyebolts; a set of hooks; the set ofmodular wave-breaks connected together and attached via the sets ofstaggered eyebolts and sets of hooks; and, a first modular wave-break ofthe set of modular wave-breaks positioned to have a tapered side of thefirst modular wave-break contact a tapered side of a second modularwave-break of the set of modular wave-breaks.
 21. A modular wave-breakfor dissipating energy of a water mass forming a wave comprising: a wallattached to a base, where the base extends generally perpendicularlyfrom the wall; an anchor attached to the base; a set of dissipatingholes in the wall, where each dissipating hole of the set of dissipatingholes has a first diameter; a set of passage holes in the wall, whereeach passage hole of the set of passage holes has a second diameter;wherein each passage hole is below a surface of the water mass; whereinthe first diameter is less than the second diameter; a set of upperstructural bars embedded within the wall and the base; a set of lowerstructural bars embedded within the base and the anchor, where eachupper structural bar of the set of upper structural bars is offset alongthe width from each lower structural bar of the set of lower structuralbars; wherein each of the dissipating holes of the set of dissipatingholes is between a pair of upper structural bars of the set of upperstructural bars; wherein the set of dissipating holes further comprisesa number of dissipating holes; wherein the set of passage holes furthercomprises a number of passage holes; wherein a ratio of the number ofdissipating holes to the number of passage holes is greater than one;and, wherein the set of dissipating holes is positioned on the wall todissipate an energy of the wave.